Chapter I. General Division of the Subject（续 1）

The paaaty of the Regions of the Earth with the Triplici-

. | ties and the Planets. It has been already stated that there are four triplicities distinguishable in the zodiac. The first, composed of Aries, Leo, and Sagittarius, is the north-west triplicity; and Ju-: piter has chief dominion over it on behalf of its northern proportion; but Mars also rules with him in reference to the west. The second, consisting of Taurus, Virgo, and Capricorn, is the south-east; and in this triplicity Venus: bears chief rule, in consequence of the southern proportion ; but Saturn also governs with her in consideration of the east. The third, composed of Gemini, Libra, and Aquarius, | is north-east; and Saturn is here the principal lord, in con-

| Chap. III.] = PToLEMy’s TETRABIBLOS. 63

sequence of the eastern proportion; Jupiter, however, go- ~ verns with him in reference to the north. The fourth triplicity is constituted of Cancer, Scorpio, and Pisces, and is south-west ; it owns Mars as its principal ruler, in consideration of its western proportion ; and, on behalf of the south, it is also governed by Venus.

The four triplicities being thus established, the whole inhabited earth is accordingly divided into four parts, agrecing with the number of the triplicities, It is divided latitudinally by the line of the Mediterranean Sea, from the Straits of Hercules to the Issican Gulph, continued onwards through the mountainous ridge extending towards the east ; and by this latitudinal division its southern and northern parts are defined. Its longitudinal division is made by the line of the Arabian Gulph, the AZgean Sga, Pontus, and the lake Meeotis ; and by this line are ne its eastern and western parts.

- The four quadrants of. the earth, thus agreeing in number with the four triplicities, one is situated in the northwest of the entire earth, and contains Celto-galatia; or, as it is commonly called, Europe. Opposed to this quadrant lies that of the south-east, towards Eastern Ethiopia ; it is called the southern part of Asia Magna. Another quadrant of the entire earth is in the north-east, about Scythia, and is called the northern part of Asia.Magna. To this 1s opposed the quadrant of the south-west, which lies about Western AEtmopia, and is known by the general nathe of Libya.

Each of these quadrants contains certain parts, which, in comparison with its other parts, lie more contiguous to the middle of the earth; and these parts, in respect of the quadrant to which they belong, -have a situation opposite to the rest of that quadrant, in the same manner as that quadrant itself is situated in regard to the rest of the earth. . For instance, in the quadrant of Europe, which is situated on the north-west of the whole earth, those parts of it which lie

towards the middle of the earth, and near the angles of the other quadrants, are manifestly situated in the south-east of that quadrant. The like rule obtains in regard to the other quadrants. And hence it is evident that each quadrant is in familiarity with two oppositely-placed triplicities, its whole extent being adapted to the one triplicity which governs it as an entire quadrant; but its particular parts, situated about the middle of the earth, and lying, as regards the rest of the quadrant, in a direction contrary: to that assigned to the whole quadrant altogether, being adapted to the other triplicity which rules the particular quadrant lying apposite to it, The planets exercising dominion in both these triplicities also hold familiarity with these particular _ parts; but, with the other more remote parts of any quadrant, only those planets hold familiarity, which rule in the single triplicity to which the whole quadrant is allotted. With the said particular parts about the middle of the earth, Mercury also, as well as the other planets in dominion, bears familiarity, in consideration of his mediative condition and common nature. | Under this arrangement, it follows that the north-western parts of the first quadrant, or that of Europe, are in -familiarity with the north-west triplicity, composed of Aries, Leo, and Sagittarius; and they are accordingly governed by the lords of that triplicity, Jupiter and Mars, vespertine. These parts, as distinguished by their appropriation’ to entire nations, are Britain, Galatia, Germany, Barsania*, Italy, Apulia, Sicily, Gaul, Tuscany, Celtica, and Spain. And, since the triplicity itself and the planets connected with it.in dominion are adapted to command, the natives of these countries are consequently impatient of restraint, lovers of freedom, warlike, industrious, imperious, cleanly, and high- . minded. But, owing to the vespertine configuration of

* Or;perhaps, Bastarnia, apart of the.antiont Buropean Sarmatia.

Jupiter and Mags, as well as the masculine condition of the anterior parts of the triplicity, and the femjnine condition of its latter parts*, the said nations regard women with scorn and indifferencet. They are, however, still careful of the community, brave and faithful, affectionate in their families, and perform good and kind actions.

Among the countries before named, Britain, Galatia, Germany, and Barsania have a greater share of familiarity with Aries and Mars; and their inhabitants are accordingly wilder, bolder, and more ferocious. Italy, Apulia, Sicily, and Gaul are in familiarity with Leo and the Sun; and the natives of these couatries are more imperious, yet kind and benevor Jent, and careful of the commonwealth. Tuscany, Celtica, and Spain, are connected with Sagittarius and Jupiter; and their inhabitants are lovers of freedom, simplicity, and elegance.

The south-eastern parts of this quadrant, which are sityated towards the middle of the earth, viz. Thrace, Macedonia, Illyria, Hellas, Achaia, and Crete, as well as the Cyclad Isles and the shores of Asia Minor and of Cyprus, assume,

in addition, a connection with the south-east triplicity, which is composed of Taurus, Virgo, and @apricorn, and - uled by Venus and Saturn; and, in consequence of the vicinity of these regions to the middle of the earth, Mercury like-

* This should probably be understood te mean in a mundane point of Niew, Agregably to Chap. 6 and 15, Book i. For when Aries is on the agcendant, it is, of course, oriental and masculine ; and Sagittarigs must consequently then be in the eighth house, occidental, and ‘therefore feminine.

+The customs of nations have,in some degree, altered Ajace WMolamy made this severe. fupeiey ——. us and our brethren in the part of the original. text : apes | ae: a6 cueing rey apoennery crnsrepseror nas Enrurlec, mar pants asorypoy pore avay3pov Ture vopasCovler. See cure uds sx Averras, er: wl: a wacxorlec- Scanesvres em TUT W, BAO guiasiucs THe duxac

wise has a proportionate dominion over them. Hence their inhabitants, being subjected to the rulers of both triplicities, enjoy a favourable temperament of mind and of body. .From Mars they imbibe their fitness for command, their courage, and impatience of restraint ; from Jupiter their love of freedom, their self-rule, their skill in guiding public affairs, and. in legislation : through the influence of Venus they are also lovers of the arts and sciences, as well as of music and poetry, of public shews, and all the refinements of life: and from Mercury they deduce their hospitality, their fondness for society and communion, their love of equity and of literature, and their power of eloquence. They are also. in the highest degree conversant with sacred mysteries, owing to the vespertine figuration of Venus.

It is further to be observed of these last-named countries, that the inhabitants of the Cyclad Isles, and of the shores of Asia Minor and of Cyprus, are more particularly under the influence of Taurus and Venus, and are therefore voluptuous, - fond of elegance, and over-studious in their attention to the body. The people of Hellas, Achaia, and Crete, have a stronger familiarity with Virgo and Mercury, and are therefore learned and scientific, preferring the cultivation of the mind to the care of the body. The people of Macedonia, Thrace, and Illyria, are chiefly influenced by Capricorn and Saturn ; whence they are greedy of wealth, inferior in civilization, and have no ordinances of civil polity. >